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` CHARLES VVILDEN KING, OF MANCHESTER, AND ALFRED CLIFF, OF LONDON,

AssieNoRs 'ro PHILIP MinDLn'roN LONDON, ENGLAND.

JUSTICE, OF CHANCERY LANE,

ons-ENGINE.

SEECIFICATION forming part'of Letters Patent No. 293,179, dated February 5, 1884. Application filed April 9, 1853. (No model.) Patented in England October 24. 1879, No. 4,387; in France April Q4, 1880, No. 136,813;

in Belgium April 27, 12450, No. 51,303; in Germany May E, 185.0, No. 12,188; in Canada October 13,1880, No. H3649; October 16, 1880, No. 40; in Austria December 21, 1880, No. 5,321', and in Spain April 26, 1831, No. 1,366.

To cLZZ whom, z3 may concer/zr" Be it known that we, Crmnnns WILDEN KING and ALFRED CLIFF, residents, respectively, of Broughton Bridge Iron Vorks, Manchester, England, and Southampton Buildings, London, England, have jointly invented certain Improvements in Gas-Engin es, o f which the following is a speciiication.

Our invention relates to that class of gasengines in which a charge or mixture of gasV ploy the engines illustrated in the accompany ing drawings. We, moreover, do not limit ourselves to such constructions, as the improvement may be employed in many engines otherwise made.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a transverse vertical section of an engine illustrating our invention.- Fig. 2 `is a sectional view. illustrating another form of engine.

Thepowercylinder E'receives the reciprocating piston F, which is connected by its rod to the Crank of the driving-Shaft N, which Vcarries the usual iiy-wheel.

The cylinder is secured' toy a' base, NV, of any proper construction, and is provided with a port, x, for the admission of the charge of gases. This charge may bepumped into the cylinder and exploded, as is common; or it may be exploded in a chamber embracing or communicating with both the cylinder and a separate chamber, A, contained within a casing, A. as will be more fully described hereinafter. I Whatever may be the manner in which the gases are conducted to' the cylinder and exploded, the explosion will force forward the piston and fill the cylinder with non-explosive or waste gases. Com- Vmonly, in gas-engines, the gases are expelled in whole or in part by the backward movement of the pistou, an exhaust-port being to expel the spent gases tlienext charge can not be admitted `until the piston again moves forward, so that the charge must be exploded without compression; or it must be compressed in a separate cylinder, and even in such' case there is apt to be a loss from expansion prior to explosion. This canbe avoided by exploding only once in every four strokes; but there is a loss of power and an uneven action.y XV e over- Acome these difficulties by placing the exhaust1 port g' near the forward end of the cylinder, so that after the explosion and after the piston has traveled the greater portion of its stroke the exhaust is opened and the spent gases escape. If the new chargeis pumped into the rear of the cylinder, or enters the same under pressure, or is otherwise induced to enter the cylinder, it" forces forward a greater or less portion of the spent gases, which pass through the exhaust after the piston uncoversthe same 5 or, if the fresh charge Vis not forced in at such in Italy time, the openingof thc exhaust permits the gases to escape under their own pressure until i,

there is no longer any pressure in the cylinder in excess of the atmosphere. Y

'In the apparatus shown in the drawings the chamber A is surrounded at the upper `end by ia chamber or coil, through which cold water heated, heats the air or gas which passesl through the same. The air enters the end of the chamber A through a port, e, closed bya valve,`h, and the gas through a port, s, also Vithin the chamclosed by said valve, and an electrical igniter,

V, serves to explode the gases.

In Fig. 1 the piston has a flanged or hollow projection, t, which has circumferential ren cesses f, Athat coincide for a time with the exhaust-port until there is an equilibrium of pressure within Aand without the cylinder, IOO

when the further outgo of the piston will close the exhaust, and the air and gas will be drawn through the end port into the lowerr end of the chamber A as the piston completes its outward movement. .The piston, returning, covers' the exhaust-port and compresses the charge, when the plunger B rises and the gas is carried to the hot end of the chamber, Where it is heated and expanded, producing a great increaseof pressure just as the piston begins its outward stroke, immediately after which a current is passed to the igniter and the charge exploded. As the piston moves outward, the plunger descends, so that the gases will be transferred from the bottom to the top of the chamber A, and those in the cylinder will pass out of 'the discharge-port when the latter is opened,'while the freshholes.

heated gasespass to the rear of the cylinder.

In Fig. 2 is shown a pump, C, which forces a new charge of gas and air into the cylinder E as the exhaust-port is uncovered by the forward motion of the piston, so that before the latter returns and covers said port the entering charge will to a greater or less degree 'have forcibly expelled a portion of the spent gases. As the inlet and outlet ports are at separate points, the waste gases flowing out through the discharge will not carry-.with them any material portion of the fresh charge. The fresh charge is compressed by the back ward motion of the piston, and as it is exploded while compressed and heated the full force of the combustion is secured.

Vhile differently-constructed electrical or 4other igniters may be employed, that illustrated will-be found effective. It consists of a detachable metal plug, D, fitting an opening in the cylinder, and carrying two insulated platinum wires, z z,- slightly separated at their inner ends, and connected towires leading to the battery X, or other source of electricity.' The circuit is made and broken at any time to secure a spark between the wireterminals at the moment an explosion vis required. Thisconstruction permits the plug to be removed readily as often as necessary to examine the device.

Another form of igniter is shown in Fig. 2, which may be u sed when it is desired to maintain a constant flame within the receiver. 7i h are a number of wire-gauze disks tted in the passage and maintained rigid by a plate, 7c 7c', of copper or iron pierced full of small The pump delivers the mixture under these disks, and the flame, not being-vable to strike back through them, keeps alight by the residual'gas contained in the space o o in the intervalsv between thel strokes of the pump.

.In order to start the engine, the electrical igniter D is used.

, The displacing-plunger B is worked by a cani or other device so constructed that it will move quickly in either direction, and then come to a rest.

Wve do not here claim the means described for heating the gases prior to introducing them into the cylinder, and we reserve for subsequent applications for Letters Patent such novel features as are not herein specilically claimed.

l. The combination, in a gas-engine, of a cylinderhaving an exhaust-port communieating freely with the external atmosphere, as described, near its forward end, inlet-port near the rear end, and appliances constructed to open said exhaust for the discharge of spent gases, while the working-piston is at or near the forward position to which it is moved bythe explosion 'of the gases, substantially as set forth.l

2. The combination, in a gas-engine, of a cylinder provided with ports near` its opposite ends, and means, substantially as described, for supplying an explosive charge at the inner end of the cylinder, and for opening the exhaust as the piston nears its forward position, whereby the incoming Afresh charge is made the means of expelling spent gases through the exhaust, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of the cylinder having its exhaust and inlet ports at separate points in the cylinder, and a pump and connections introducing 'the charge under pressure, and' an exhaust-port near the forward end, arranged to be uncovered by the piston as thelatter approaches its forward position, and means for then closing the exhaust, so that the further forward movement aids to'draw in the new charge, as set forth.

5. The combination of a cylinder having an inlet-port at the rear end, an exhaust which is closed by the piston except when the latter is in a forward position, and means for controlling the ports, substantially as described, whereby each fresh charge is admitted to expel spent gases, is compressed on the inward stroke, and is exploded to impart the outward mot-ion to the piston, substantially as 'set forth.

. 4cHAELEs wiLnEN KING.

ALEEED oLiEE.

Witnesses to the signature of Charles Vilden King:

CHARLEs HILEY, A

39 Bridge Street, llfcmchester. A. CORGLLAE,

55 CoZZg/mrt Street, llfcmchcster. Vitnesses to the signature of Alfred Cliff:

PHILIP M. JUs'rIoE, HENRY B. HA'rcHwELL,

Bot/L of 53 Chancery Lane, London'.

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